Marck Anahory Athias (1875-1946)

Marck Athias, of Jewish ascent, was born in Funchal, on 11 December 1875. He concluded the course in Medicine at the Faculty of Medicine in Paris in 1897, where he had the opportunity of being on intimate terms with histologists and physiologists of international renown, such as Mathias Duval, disciple of Santiago Ramón Y Cajal, who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine in 1906. He was very influenced by the ideas and works in nervous histophysiology of Santiago Ramón y Cajal, which gave rise to much controversy at the time.

Marck Athias reached Lisbon in 1897 and was welcomed by Miguel Bombarda, with whom he shared the defence of the theory of Cajal’s neuron. As soon as he started his scientific activity in Portugal, he surrounded himself with young people interested in pursuing a scientific career. United by a common ideal of university and scientific research, they formed a close-knit group with its own identity, indelibly associated to the “generation of 1911”.

Athias’ research activity began to spread throughout different institutions: the Rilhafoles Hospital, the Câmara Pestana Bacteriological Institute, the Institute Pasteur of Lisbon, the Medical and Surgical School, the Institute of Physiology of the Faculty of Medicine of Lisbon, the Bento da Rocha Cabral Institute of Scientific Research, and the Portuguese Institute of Oncology.

Athias left us with 138 publications, which include scientific biographies (D. Carlos I, Miguel Bombarda, Fernando Matoso Santos, A. Laveran, Santiago Ramón y Cajal, Albert Dustin, Max Askanazy, Henrique Parreira and Carlos França); didactic texts written for students of the Faculty of Medicine (guides to the practical work in physiology and exercises in physiological chemistry); dissemination articles, reports on journeys abroad or on institutions in which he worked or which he directed and scientific articles.

.

Graph 1.1 - The publications of Marck Athias between 1895 and 1946

The group of 35 dissemination articles, which make up the second largest percentage of publications, includes several types of works: reports on scientific journeys and on the activity carried out in some institutions; works on the prior study of cancer and the fight against it; and the scientific conferences which he held at the Instituto Rocha Cabral, made up of thematic summaries directed at a specialised yet diversified public interested in teaching and research.

The scientific articles, which make up the greatest contribution by Athias, are distributed over the areas according to which he directed his research school: histology, histophysiology, histopathology, physiology and physiological chemistry. The research programme developed by Marck Athias’ school started with nervous histophysiology in 1897, an area in which Athias made the first scientific contributions in 1895, and continued until 1915. This area expanded to include general histophysiology from 1905 onwards, branching into physiology and physiological chemistry as from 1911 and into histopathology as from 1923. It can be said that the methods and techniques of histophysiology “migrated to new areas of ignorance, from which endocrinology stands out. We can therefore say that the programme of Athias’ research school brought about two important changes: first it consolidated in Portuguese physiological research an approach at the cell level and not only at the level of the organ; with physiological chemistry, a transition from the cellular to the molecular level was announced, within the scope of physiology.

Marck Athias and his disciples upheld a set of ideals, some of them of positivist inspiration, which were characteristic of republican ideals and advocated a model of university and scientific research inspired on the German university reform, which started in Berlin in 1809. The disciples of Athias, particularly Celestino da Costa and Ferreira de Mira, echoed through his doctrinal writings the debates on issues that took place in Europe, and most especially in France, between 1870 and World War I. Besides upholding a university practice based on research, in which the research school played a crucial role, they also defended scientific dissemination and propaganda in society in general, the promotion of a scientific culture among researchers as a form of counterbalancing an excessive specialisation, the scientific interchange between people and institutions and, finally, the creation of scientific societies and specialised publications. In this context, Athias involved himself in the creation of two scientific societies directed towards biomedical sciences, of an experimental nature. In 1907, together with A. Celestino da Costa and Abel Salazar, he founded the Sociedade Portuguesa de Ciências Naturais, and in 1920, the Sociedade Portuguesa de Biologia. In addition to this, he controlled the editorial activity of these societies, namely the corresponding magazines, whose objective was to disseminate the scientific production of these societies, on the one hand, and to control the national scientific production in the school’s areas of influence. It was precisely through these dissemination channels of knowledge that Marck Athias and his school not only internationalised Portuguese medicine during the first half of the twentieth century, but also created in the local scientific community the need for an original and regular scientific production, governed by international standards.

Marck Athias’ school did not therefore disappear with its master. Notably, the new subject areas originated by the development of his research programme were continued by his disciples, i.e. oncological histopathology, endocrinology and physiological chemistry. In this context, we can therefore understand the importance which Athias had in the contextualization of Portuguese experimental medicine in the first half of the twentieth century, in the trail of a greater scientificity of this area of human knowledge.


Publications

See appendix


Isabel Amaral

Bibliografia

Alves, M. V., 1911 – O Ensino Médico em Lisboa no Início do Século, Sete Artistas Contemporâneos Evocam a Geração Médica de 1911, (Lisboa, Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian, 1999).
Amaral, I., As escolas de Investigação de Marck Athias e de Kurt Jacobsohn e a Emergência da Bioquímica em Portugal, (Dissertação de Doutoramento, Lisboa, 2001)
Athias, M., O Cinquentenário da Teoria do Neurónio, (Lisboa, Imprensa Lucas, 1941).
Bettencourt, J. M., Miscelanea, (Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina, 2000).
Celestino da Costa, A., “A Vida e Obra Científica de Marck Athias,” Arquivo de Anatomia e Antropologia, 26, (1948), 144-227.
Ferreira de Mira, “Athias e a Investigação Científica,” Clínica Higiene e Hidrologia, 13, (1947), 269-270.
Guimarães, J. A., “A Personalidade do Professor Marck Athias,” Clínica, Higiene e Hidrologia, 13 (1947), 266-273. Rico, T., “Mark Athias,” Arquivo de Patologia, 21, (1949), 117-140.

---

Appendix Publications by Marck Athias

Athias, M., “Albert Dustin (1784-1942),” A Medicina Contemporânea, 60, (1942), 368-370.
Athias, M., “Fenómenos bioeléctricos cerebrais,” Ver e Crer, 1, (1945).
Athias, M., “Influence sur la castration chez le Dindon,” Comptes Rendus de la Socièté de Biologie de Paris, 98, (1928), 1606-1608.
Athias, M., “Krebs und Krebsbekampfung in Portugal,” III Internationales Kongress der ärztliche Forschung, (1936).
Athias, M., “L’appareil mitochondrial des cellules interstitielles de l’ovaire du Murin,” Comptes Rendus de la Socièté de Biologie de Paris, 73, (1912), 448-449.
Athias, M.,  “La régénération du testicule chez le dindon incomplètement châtré,” Comptes Rendus de la Socièté de Biologie de Paris, 107, (1931), 1177-1180.
Athias, M., “Le cancer et la lutte anticancéreuse au Portugal,” IIème Congrés International de la Lutte contre Le Cancer, 519, (1936).
Athias, M.,  “Les effects de la castration chez le Dindon,” Comptes Rendus de la Socièté de Biologie de Paris, 100, (1928), 513-514.
Athias, M., “Les mouvements automatiques de l’estomac et de l’intestin isolés des Sélaciens,” Comptes Rendus de la Socièté de Biologie de Paris, 83, (1920), 872-873.
Athias, M., “Professor Fernando Mattoso Santos”, Jornal de Sciencias Naturais, 1, (1921). 
Athias, M., “Sur l’antagonisme des glandes sexuelles. A propos des notes récents de A. Lispchútz et H. E. Voss,” Comptes Rendus de la Socièté de Biologie de Paris, 91, (1924), 232-233.
Athias, M., “A. Laveran”, Jornal de Sciencias Naturais, 2, (1922). 
Athias, M., “Caracteres Sexuais”, Colecção Natura, 1, (1923). 
Athias, M., “Factores genéticos na produção de tumores espontâneos e provocados,” Medicina, 4, (35), (1938), 1-14.
Athias, M., “Max Askanazy (1865-1940),” A Medicina Contemporânea, 62, (1944), 15-16.
Athias, M., “Sobre as origens das neoplasias mamárias,” Boletim Instituto Português de Oncologia, 7, (1), (1940), 3-7.
Athias, M.; Anciães, J. H.; Fonseca, H., “Estados espamódicos da musculatura lisa e crenoterápica,” XIII Congresso Internacional de Hidrologia e Climatologia, Lisboa,1930.
Athias, M., “O Ensino da Fisiologia e da Histologia nas Faculdades de Medicina da Bélgica,” A Medicina Contemporânea, 28 (1909), 357.
Athias, M., “Bombarda … O Professor,” A Medicina Contemporânea, 28 (1910), 322-323.
Athias, M., “La vacuolisation de la cellule nerveuse,” Anatomischer Anzeiger, 28, (1905), 492-494.
Athias, M., “La vacuolisation des cellulles des ganglions spinaux chez les animaux á l’état normal”, Anatomischer Anzeiger, 27, (1905), 9-12.
Athias, M., “Le chondriome des cellules interstitielles de l’ovaire de Chauve-Souris (Vesperugo serotinus),” Bulletin de la Société Portugaise des Sciences Naturelles, 5, (1911), 46-47.
Athias, M., “Les phénomènes de division de l’ovule dans les follicules de De Graaf en voie d’atrésie chèz le Lérot (Eleomys quercinus),” Anatomischer Anzeiger, 34, (1909), 1-2.
Athias, M., “Observations cytologiques sur l’ovaire des Mammifères. Les cellules interstitielles de l’ovaire chez le Cobaye, foetus à terme et nouveau-né,” Anatomischer Anzeiger, 39, (1911), 238-240.
Athias, M., “Sobre as divisões da maturação do óvulo dos Mamíferos,” Dissertação de Concurso, (Libanio da Silva, Lisboa, 1910).
Athias, M., “Afecções espamódicas da infância, A Medicina Contemporânea, 17, (1899), 133, 145, 167, 199, 223, 228, 241.
Athias, M., “Métodos novos para o estudo do sistema nervoso,” A Medicina Contemporânea, 19, (1901), 371-372.
Athias, M., “Sur la Signification Physiologique des Phénomènes d’Atrésie Folliculaire et des Cellules Intertitielles de l’Ovaires,” Comptes Rendus de la Socété de Biologie de Paris, 88, (1923), 1315-1317.
Athias, M., “Sur le Déterminisme de l’Hyperplasie de la Glande Mammaire, et de la Sécrétion Lactée,” Comptes Rendus de la Socété de Biologie de Paris , 79, (1916), 557-559.
Athias, M., “A luta Social contra o Cancro e o Valor das Estatísticas,” Boletim Instituto Português de Oncologia, 4, (1937), 10-12.
Athias, M., “A raiva e o tratamento antirábico em Portugal,” A Medicina Contemporânea, 16, (1913); 275, 287.
Athias, M., “A raiva em Lisboa,” A Medicina Contemporânea, 20, (1917); 89.
Athias, M., “A Sinapse em Neurofisiologia,” Actualidades Biológicas, 16, (1943), 61-109.
Athias, M., “A Sociedade Portuguesa de Ciências Naturais,” Actas do Iº Congresso Nacional de Ciências Naturais, (Lisboa, 1941), v-xvii.
Athias, M., “Actions d’extraits et produits dérivés d’organes à sécrétion interne sur l’utérus isolé, particuliérement après la castration totale,” Archives Internationales Pharmadynamie et Thèrapeutique, 25, (1921), 423- 425.
Athias, M., “As formações cório-epiteliais do ovário da Cobaia,” Arquivo de Patologia, 8, (1936), 121-153.
Athias, M., “Breves Notas sobre Embriomas a Propósito de Dois Casos Observados na Cobaia,” Imprensa Médica, 23, (1936), 435-437.
Athias, M.,  “Cancro,” Grande Enciclopédia Portuguesa e Brasileira
Athias, M., “Cellulles Nerveuses encore Epithéliales dans la Moelle du Tetard de la Grenouille. Mode de développement du Neurone,” Comptes Rendus de la Socété de Biologie de Paris de Paris, 47 (1895), 1-3.
Athias, M., “Centros Diencefálicos da Vida Vegetativa,” Actualidades Biológicas, 8, (1935), 121-175.
Athias, M., “Cristallöides dans l’Oeuf de Cercopithecus calcitrichus et de Cercopithecus sabaeus,” Bulletin de la Société Portugaise des Sciences Naturelles, 7, (1915), 67-76.
Athias, M., “Cytologia do Cancro (resumo),” A Medicina Contemporânea, 25, (1907), 165-168.
Athias, M., “Cytologia Geral do Cancro ,” Jornal da Sociedade de Sciencias Médicas de Lisboa, 72, (1908), 110-142.
Athias, M., “Description d’un Ver parasite de la glande d’hibernation du Hérison,” Archivos do Real Instituto Bacteriológico Câmara Pestana, 2, (1909); 133-134; Bulletin de la Société Portugaise des Sciences Naturelles, 1, (1908), 192-193.
Athias, M., “Deux Cas d’Embryome de l’Ovaire chez le Cobaye,” Arquivo de Patologia, 16, (1944), 318-329.
Athias, M., “Effets de la Castration sur le Mouvement Automatique de l’Úterus chez le Cobaye,” Journal de Physiologie et de Pathologie Générale, 18, (1919), 731-743.
Athias, M., “Étude Histologique d’Ovaires Greffés sur des Cobayes Chatrés et Enlevés au Moment de l´Établissement de la Sécrétion Lactée,” Comptes Rendus de la Socété de Biologie de Paris , 79, (1916), 553-556.
Athias, M., “Études Hystologiques sur la Greffe Ovarienne,” in Libro en Honor de D. Santiago Ramón y Cajal, (1922), 78-118.
Athias, M., “Henrique Parreira (1895-1945),” Arquivo de Patologia, 17, (1945), 1-18.
Athias, M.,  “Hipóteses sobre a Origem do Cancro,” Boletim Instituto Português de Oncologia, 5, (1938), 4-5.
Athias, M., “Hipóteses sobre as Causas do Cancro,” Boletim Instituto Português de Oncologia, 4, [6], (1937); 2-3.
Athias, M., “Histogénese do sistema nervoso,” A Medicina Contemporânea, 16, (1898), 70, 83, 113.
Athias, M., “Hormonas Estrogéneas e Neoplasias Mamárias,” Imprensa Médica, 24, (1940), 251-261.
Athias, M., “Hormonas Sexuais e suas Acções Fisio-Patológicas,” Actualidades Biológicas, 12, (1939), 108-166.
Athias, M., “Introdução ao Método Experimental e suas Principais Aplicações às Ciências Médicas e Biológicas em Portugal,” Actas do Congresso de História da Actividade Científica Portuguesa, (1940), 474-478.
Athias, M., “Invagination de l’épithélium superficiel et néoformation ovulaire dans l’ovaire transplanté chez le Cobaye,” Comptes Rendus de la Socièté de Biologie de Paris, 83, (1920), 1647-1648.
Athias, M., “L’Activité Sécrétoire de la Glande Mammaire, chez le Cobaye Male Chatré, Consécutivement a la Greffe de l’Ovaire,” Comptes Rendus de la Socété de Biologie de Paris, 78, (1915), 410-412.
Athias, M., “La Société Portugaise des Sciences Naturelles,” Bulletin de la Société Portugaise des Sciences Naturelles, 1, (1908), 1-10.
Athias, M., “Le Traitement Antirabique à L’Institut de Bacteriologie Câmara Pestana en 1906,” Archivos do Real Instituto Bacteriológico Câmara Pestana, 2 (1909), 63-71.
Athias, M., “Le Traitement Antirabique à L’Institut de Bacteriologie Câmara Pestana en 1907,” Archivos do Real Instituto Bacteriológico Câmara Pestana, 2 (1909), 366-367.
Athias, M., “Le Traitement Antirabique à L’Institut de Bacteriologie Câmara Pestana en 1908,” Archivos do Real Instituto Bacteriológico Câmara Pestana, 3 (1910), 45-57.
Athias, M., “Le Traitement Antirabique à L’Institut de Bacteriologie Câmara Pestana en 1909,” Archivos do Real Instituto Bacteriológico Câmara Pestana, 3 (1912), 373-378.
Athias, M., “Le Traitement Antirabique à L’Institut de Bacteriologie Câmara Pestana en 1912,” Archivos do Real Instituto Bacteriológico Câmara Pestana, 4, (1916), 173-178.
Athias, M., “Le Traitement Antirabique à L’Institut de Bacteriologie Câmara Pestana en 1910-1911,” Archivos do Real Instituto Bacteriológico Câmara Pestana, 4, (1916); 41-56.
Athias, M., “Les Caractères Sexuels Somatiques chez le Dindon et leur Conditionnement Physiologique,” Proceedings of the Second International Congress for Sex Research, (1930), 144-158.
Athias, M., “Les Ergots du Dindon,” Revista de la Sociedad Argentina de Biología, 10, (1934), 144-155.
Athias, M., “Les Formations Corio-Épithéliales de l’Ovaire du Cobaye,” Arquivo de Patologia, 15, (1943), 293-315.
Athias, M., “Les Phénomènes de Division de l’Oocyte au cours de l’Atrésie Folliculaire chez les Mammifères,” Archives d’Anatomie Microscopique, 25, (1929), 405-425.
Athias, M., “Lésions Testiculaires chez des Souris non Cancéreuses, Appartenant à une lignée très sujette au Cancer de la Glande Mammaire,” Arquivo de Patologia, 17, (1945), 370-390.
Athias, M., “Lesões do testículo produzidas por injecções intersticiais de alcatrão,” Jornadas Médicas , Orense, (1936).
Athias, M., “Metaplasias em Tumores Experimentais,” Imprensa Médica, 12, (1941), 1-11.
Athias, M., “Métaplasie Chondro-Osseuse dans des Tumeurs Expérimentales,” Arquivo de Patologia, 8, (1936), 293-315.
Athias, M., “Methodos Novos para o Estudo da Estructura do Systema Nervoso,” A Medicina Contemporânea, 7, (1901), 371-372
Athias, M., “Nécrologie; Sa  Majesté le Roi D. Carlos I,” Bulletin de la Société Portugaise des Sciences Naturelles, 1, (1908), xv. Athias, M., “O Automatismo do Coração, Causas e Mecanismos Reguladores,” Actualidades Biológicas, 3, (1931), 103-158.
Athias, M., “O Cinquentenário da Teoria do Neurónio,” Actualidades Biológicas, 14, (1941), 6-64.
Athias, M., “O Ensino da Fisiologia na Régia Escola de Cirurgia e na Escola Médico-Cirúrgica de Lisboa,” Clínica Contemporânea, 6, (1946), 282-290.
Athias, M., “O estudo experimental das águas medicinais nos doentes e nos animais de laboratório,” Clínica, Higiene e Hidrologia, 3, (1937), 139- 140.
Athias, M., “O Estudo Experimental do Hermafroditismo nos Animais Superiores,” Actualidades Biológicas, 1, (1928), 273-320.
Athias, M.,  “O Instituto Português de Oncologia em 1940 e 1941,” A Medicina Contemporânea, 61, (1943), 17-25.
Athias, M.,  “O Instituto Solvay de Bruxelas,” A Medicina Contemporânea, 19, (1901), 346-347
Athias, M.,  “O Problema do Cancro na Conferência Internacional de Londres,” A Medicina Contemporânea, 47, (1929), 79-89.
Athias, M.,  “O Problema do Cancro,” (Lisboa, Biblioteca Cosmos, 1941)
Athias, M.,  “O Sono Hibernal dos Mamíferos,” Actualidades Biológicas, 5, (1932), 159-205.
Athias, M.,  “O Tratamento Anti-Rábico Instituto Bacteriológico Câmara Pestana em 1905,”Polytecnhia, 2, (1905); Archivos do Real Instituto Bacteriológico Câmara Pestana, 1, (1907), 177-186.
Athias, M.,  “O Valor da Experimentação em Cancerologia,” A Medicina Contemporânea, 58, (1941), 262-270.
Athias, M.,  “Organisation de la Lutte contre le Cancer au Portugal,” Arquivo de Patologia, 6, (1934), 539-551.
Athias, M.,  “Organisation de la Lutte contre le Cancer,” Boletim do Instituto Português de Oncologia, 4, [2], [3], (1937).
Athias, M.,  “Origine, Nature et Classification des Pigments (les Pigments Cellulaires des Vertébrés,” Comptes Rendus du XVéme Congrès International de Médicine, Lisbonne, (1906).
Athias, M.,  “Os movimentos amiboides dos neurones,” Revista Portuguesa de Medicina e Cirurgia, 2, (1898), 257-265.
Athias, M.,  “Os Recentes Progressos no Estudo Experimental do Cancro,” Medicina, 27, (1937), 1-13.
Athias, M.,  “Plan d’une enquête sur le cancer au Portugal,” Acta de l’Union Internationale contre le Cancer, 2, (1937), 722- 725.
Athias, M.,  “Posição actual do Instituto Português de Oncologia,” Boletim Instituto Português de Oncologia, 5, (1938); 1-3.
Athias, M.,  “Problemas Actuais da Endocrinologia,” Actualidades Biológicas, 10, (1937), 101-159.
Athias, M.,  “Recherches sur l’histogénèse de l’écorce du cervelet,” Journal d’Anatomie, 33, (1897), 372-373.
Athias, M., “Recherches sur les Cellules Interstitielles de l’Ovaire des Cheiroptères,” Archives de Biologie, 30, (1919), 88-212.
Athias, M.,  “Santiago Ramón y Cajal,” Lisboa Médica,”11, (1934), 831-853.
Athias, M.,  “Sarcome du Couer chez un Cobaye après Injection, dans le Cerveau, de Méthylcolantrène,” Comptes Rendus de la Socété de Biologie de Paris de Paris, 126, (1937), 585-586.
Athias, M.,  “Secreções Internas e Cancro,” A Medicina Contemporânea, 9, (1942), 284-290.
Athias, M.,  “Sobre alguns Pormenores de Estrutura e Funções do Corpo Amarelo Verdadeiro dos Mamiferos,” Polytechnia, 2, (1906), 1-15.
Athias, M.,  “Structure histologique de la moelle épinière du tétard de le Grenouile,” Bibliographie Anatomique, 5, (1897), 58-60.
Athias, M.,  “Sur certains corpuscules colorables du cytoplasme des cellules des ganglions spinaux des Mammifèresn,” Archivos do Real Instituto Bacteriológico Câmara Pestana, 2, (1909); 1-2.
Athias, M.,  “Sur l’Antagonism des Glandes Sexuelles. À Propos des Notes Récentes de A. Lipschütz et H. E.V. Voss,” Comptes Rendus de la Socété de Biologie de Paris, 91, (1924), 232-233.
Athias, M.,  “Sur l’Origine et Évolution des Petites Cellules Étoilées de la Couche Moleculaire du Cervelet chez le Chat et le Chien,” Comptes Rendus de la Socété de Biologie de Paris de Paris, 48, (1896), 585-587.
Athias, M.,  “Sur la Sécrétion Interne de l' Ovaire,” Archives Internationales de Physiologie, 18, (1920), 926-306.
Athias, M.,  “Sur les divisions de maturation de l’oeuf des Mammifères,” Archivos do Real Instituto Bacteriológico Câmara Pestana, 3, (1912); 287-289.
Athias, M.,  “Sur les phénoménes de division des ovulles dans les follicules en voie d’atrésie chez quelques Mammifères,” Bulletin de la Société Portugaise des Sciences Naturelles, 2, (1908), 97-99.
Athias, M.,  “Sur les Phénomènes de Sécrétion des Cellules des Corps Jaunes Vrais,” Comptes Rendus du XV Congrès Internationale de Médecine de Lisbonne, Section I, (Lisboa, 1906).
Athias, M.,  “Sur une formation atypique constituée aux dépens des éléments folliculaires dans un ovaire transplanté dans la Chienne,” Comptes Rendus de l’Association des Anatomistes, 17, (1921), 257-258.
Athias, M.,  “Transplantações de órgãos – Conferência na Associação Médica Lusitana,” Jornal da Sociedade de Sciencias Médicas de Lisboa, 89, (1925).
Athias, M.,  Actividade Científica, Relatório Administrativo, (Lisboa, Instituto Português de Oncologia, 1938).
Athias, M.,  Anatomia da Cellula Nervosa, ( Dissertação Inaugural, Lisboa, 1905).
Athias, M.,  Catálogo das Obras da Colecção Portuguesa anteriores à Fundação das Régias Escolas de Cirurgia —1825, (Lisboa, Biblioteca da Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa, 1942).
Athias, M.,  Ferreira de Mira, M.”Sur les effects de la thyro-parathyroïdectomie chez le Cobaye châtré,” Comptes Rendus de la Socièté de Biologie de Paris, 88, (1920), 876-877.
Athias, M., França, C., “Contágio da Possessão Diabólica,” A Medicina Contemporânea, 19, (1901), 170-171.
Athias, M.,  França, C., “Lesões Histológicas da Paralisia Cerebral,” A Medicina Contemporânea, 18, (1900), 416-418.
Athias, M.,  Guia dos Trabalhos Práticos de Fisiologia para uso dos Estudantes da Faculdade de Medicina, (Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa, 1912).
Athias, M.,  Introdução do Método Experimental e suas principais aplicações às Ciências Médicas e Biológicas em Portugal, (Coimbra, Congresso da Actividade Científica Portuguesa, 1940).
Athias, M.,  O Cinquentenário da Teoria do Neurónio, (Lisboa, Imprensa Lucas, 1941).
Athias, M.,  O problema do Cancro, (Biblioteca Cosmos, Lisboa, 1941).
Athias, M.,  Programas e Horários. Universidade de Lisboa. Faculdade de Medicina. Ano Lectivo de 1916-1917, Fisiologia, (Livraria Ferin, Lisboa, 1916).
Athias, M., ”Cytologia do Cancro (resumo),” A Medicina Contemporânea, 25, (1907), 165-168.
Athias, M., “O órgão de hibernação,”Polytechnia, 1, (1905), 35-43.
Athias, M.; Ferreira de Mira, Exercícios de Química Fisiológica, (Porto, Sociedade Gráfica Lda., 1921).
Athias, M.; Ferreira de Mira, Exercícios Práticos de Química Fisiológica para uso dos Estudantes da Faculdade de Medicina, (Coimbra, Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa, 1927).
Athias, M.; Fontes, J., “Action du pneumogastrique sur le coeur après surrénalectomie,” Comptes Rendus de la Socété de Biologie de Paris, 90, (1924), 232-235.
Athias, M.; Fontes, J., “Influence de la Policarpine sur les Effets Cardiaques de l’Excitation du Vague chez le Chien,” Comptes Rendus de la Socété de Biologie de Paris, (1927), 97, 715-717.
Athias, M.; Fontes, J., Guia dos Trabalhos Práticos de Fisiologia, (Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa, 1934).
Athias, M.; Fontes, J., Pneumogástrico e Coração, (Porto, Tipografia da Enciclopédia Portuguesa, 1928).
Athias, M.; França, C.,  “Notes cytologiques sur les Trypanosones parasites de la Grenouille,” Comptes Rendus du XVéme Congrès International de Médicine, Lisbonne, (1906).
Athias, M.; França, C.,  “Recherches sur les Trypanosones des Amphibiens,” Archivos do Real Instituto Bacteriológico Câmara Pestana, 1, (1906); 127-128.
Athias, M.; França, C.,  “Recherches sur les Trypanosones des Amphibiens,” Archivos do Real Instituto Bacteriológico Câmara Pestana, 1, (1907); 289-290.
Athias, M.; França, C., “Les  Plasmazellen dans les vaisseaux de l’écorce cérébrale dans la paralysie général de la maladie du sommeil,” Comptes Rendus de la Socété de Biologie de Paris, 53, (1901), 457-458.
Athias, M.; França, C., “Sur la présence de Mastzellen dans les vaisseaux corticaux chez une paralysie général,” Comptes Rendus de la Socété de Biologie de Paris, 53, (1901), 457-458.
Athias, M.; França, C., “Sur les phénoménes de division du Trypanosome rotatorium,” Comptes Rendus de la Socété de Biologie de Paris, 60, (1906), 1108-1109.
Athias, M.; França, C., “Sur le Rôle Joué par les Leucocytes dans la Destruction de la Cellule Nerveuse,” Comptes Rendus de la Socété de Biologie de Paris de Paris, 51, (1899), 317-319.
Athias, M.; Furtado Dias, M. T., “Contribuição para o Estudo da Inervação dos Tumores,” Arquivo de Patologia, 4, (1932), 138-161.
Athias, M.; Furtado Dias, M. T., “L’Atypie Cellulaire dans les Sarcomes Provoqués par le Méthylcholantrène,” Acta de l’Union Internationale contre le Cancer, 4, (1939), 659-663.
Athias, M.; Furtado Dias, M. T., “Lésions Testiculaires chez des Souris Atteintes d’Adénocarcinome Spontané de la Glande Mammaire,” Arquivo de Patologia,13, (1941), 381-393.
Athias, M.; Furtado Dias, M. T., “Sarcome Transplantable du Rein Provoqué par le Methylcholantrène chez le Rat,” Comptes Rendus de la Socété de Biologie de Paris de Paris, 127, (1938), 237-238.
Athias, M.; Guimarães, J. A., “Greffe Ovarienne Intracérébrale chez des Cobayes Males, Entiers et Préalablement Chatrés,” Comptes Rendus de la Socété de Biologie de Paris, 113, (1933), 733-735.
Athias, M.; Pereira da Silva, “Le Traitement Antirabique à L’Institut de Bacteriologie Câmara Pestana en 1913-1914,” Archivos do Real Instituto Bacteriológico Câmara Pestana, 5, (1918); 89-99.
Athias, M.; Ramos, C., “Os meios de Luta contra o Cancro em alguns países europeus,” Arquivo de Patologia, 2, (1930), 4-13.